Pacific Community / Communauté du Pacifique
FISHERIES, AQUACULTURE AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
FAME — Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems
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Pitcairn Islands

Polynesia
12
People trained
28
Total participations
6
Training events
836,108km² EEZ
Exclusive Economic Zone
502024
Population

Country profile

Population (2024)
50
Population (2050)
50
EEZ Area
836,108 km²
Land Area
47 km²
Region
Polynesia
Sub-Climate Zone
Southwest Pacific Convergence

Coastal fisheries snapshot

demersal fish (including coral trout, groupers and parrotfish), invertebrates for sale (e.g. lobster), and nearshore pelagic fish (including tuna and wahoo) using a range of fishing methods. These species are critically important for food, local livelihoods and jobs (further details in Chapter 3).

12
Unique people trained
28
Total training participations
6
Distinct training events

Top 5 training topics

Ecosystems, climate change & general marine resource management
14
Lobster
5
Fisheries data and its importance
4
Aquaculture and biosecurity planning
4
Community based fisheries management workshop
1

Gender participation

11
17

Male participations: 11 (39%) · Female participations: 17 (61%)

Yearly participations (2016–2025)

16171819202122232425
All data from Johnson et al. (2025), Climate Change Vulnerability Summary for Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Country chapter PDF available in the Resources tab.

Projected changes in atmospheric & ocean climate (by 2050)

Relative to 1995-2014 baseline. Regional CMIP6 projections applied to Pitcairn Islands's climate zone (Southwest Pacific Convergence).

Air Temperature
Medium (SSP2-4.5): +0.7 to +1.1 °C
High (SSP5-8.5): +0.9 to +1.6 °C
Annual Rainfall
Medium: -2.3 to +5.5 %
High: -2.8 to +6.4 %
Sea Surface Temp.
Medium: +0.6 to +1.1 °C
High: +0.8 to +1.5 °C
Sea Level Rise
Medium: +0.1 to +0.3 m
High: +0.2 to +0.4 m
Ocean pH
Medium: -0.1 (acidification)
High: -0.1

Coastal fisheries (current vs 2050)

demersal fish (including coral trout, groupers and parrotfish), invertebrates for sale (e.g. lobster), and nearshore pelagic fish (including tuna and wahoo) using a range of fishing methods. These species are critically important for food, local livelihoods and jobs (further details in Chapter 3).

Mangrove forest area
Current (2020)
0.0 km²
2050 Medium emissions
0.0%
2050 High emissions
-47.7%
Seagrass meadow area
Current (2020)
64.8 km²
2050 Medium emissions
+34.0%
2050 High emissions
-2.5%
Coral reef area
Current (2020)
15.84 km²
2050 Medium emissions
-3.5%
2050 High emissions
-52.0%
Coastal fisheries catch
Current (2021)
4,400 t/yr
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions
Fishery value
Current (2021)
USD 32.7 M/yr
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions

Oceanic fisheries (current vs 2050)

Tuna fisheries — skipjack, yellowfin, bigeye and albacore. Habitat areas projected to shift with ocean temperature, stratification and oxygen content changes.

Fishery value (locally-based)
Current (2022)
USD 0 M
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions
Skipjack biomass
Current (2020)
2050 Medium emissions
+16%
2050 High emissions
+33%
Yellowfin biomass
Current (2020)
2050 Medium emissions
+11%
2050 High emissions
+12%

Freshwater & estuarine fisheries (current vs 2050)

Inland fisheries are expected to be affected by changes in rainfall patterns, river flow, and habitat accessibility by 2050.

Freshwater fisheries data being compiled for this country.

Aquaculture (current vs 2050)

Mariculture impacted by sea surface temperature, ocean acidification and intense storms. Freshwater aquaculture may benefit from increased freshwater habitat but face disease and temperature pressure.

Aquaculture data being compiled for this country.

Livelihoods & economies (current vs 2050)

Fisheries and aquaculture provide household income, jobs and government revenue. Climate-driven changes will affect employment and economic contribution.

0.02%
Fisheries in total national exports
12
Employment in coastal fisheries
USD 0.03M
Total value of fisheries & aquaculture
USD 0M
Government revenue from offshore licence fees

Aquatic food security (current vs 2050)

Aquatic (blue) foods provide an important source of nutrition. Population growth combined with climate impacts may create deficits in fish supply.

Fish consumption per person
Current (current)
153 kg/yr
2050 Medium emissions
176 kg/yr
2050 High emissions
174 kg/yr
Food security vulnerability: low

Blue food production systems (current vs 2050)

Blue foods contribute to nutrition security, economies, livelihoods and jobs. Climate impacts on coastal, oceanic, freshwater fisheries and aquaculture together determine the system's resilience.

In Pitcairn Islands, blue foods are highly important for nutrition security and health. Compared to other Pacific islands, projected climate impacts to blue food production by 2050 are medium to high. Socioeconomic conditions make Pitcairn Islands' sustainable development less vulnerable to climate-induced losses.

Climate risk to blue food systems 2050: low

Recommended adaptation: Food & nutrition security

  • Implement sustainable ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management Food and Nutrition 7

Recommended adaptation: Sustainable livelihoods

  • Country-specific recommendations being compiled.

Recommended adaptation: Economies & government revenue

  • Implement energy efficiency programs for fisheries and aquaculture Economic Revenue 4
  • Climate-proof infrastructure

Community-based Fisheries Management — Pitcairn Islands

Source: Govan & Lalavanua 2022 (SPC), updated from FAO & SPC Outlook 2026. See the regional CBFM Report for full analysis.

0%
Community coverage
Limited / starting
0
Active CBFM sites
0 / 1
Communities (covered / total)
1
Coastal fisheries staff
Programme: Coastal Conservation Areas (CCAs)
Lead agency: Government of Pitcairn Islands — Environmental, Conservation and Natural Resources Division (ECNRD)
Tenure status: Status unclear — Under review — will specify community fishing rights and rules
Legal framework: Pitcairn Islands Marine Protected Area; territorial seas as CCAs
CBFM scaling strategy: Not yet finalised
1 site in progress (single island/community).

Coastal fisheries in Pitcairn Islands

demersal fish (including coral trout, groupers and parrotfish), invertebrates for sale (e.g. lobster), and nearshore pelagic fish (including tuna and wahoo) using a range of fishing methods. These species are critically important for food, local livelihoods and jobs (further details in Chapter 3).

Detailed coastal fisheries status, community-based fisheries management (CBFM) projects, and per-country indicators from the SPC Coastal Fishery Report Cards are being progressively published. See Resources tab for the most recent annual SPC Coastal Fishery Report Card.

Tuna fisheries in Pitcairn Islands

The Pacific is home to the world's largest tuna fishery, with member countries' EEZs producing over half of the global tuna catch. Pitcairn Islands's EEZ covers 836,108 km², providing significant access to tuna and other oceanic resources.

Per-country tuna fishery indicators (catch, employment, GDP contribution, license revenue) are being extracted from the FFA Tuna Fishery Report Cards and Gillett (2023) Benefish economic study. See Resources tab for the most recent annual FFA Tuna Fishery Report Card.

Fisheries Contributions to Pitcairn's Economy

This section summarises fisheries' contribution to Pitcairn's economy, drawn from Chapter 25 of Benefish Study 4 (Gillett & Fong 2023).
Source: Gillett R. and Fong M. 2023. Fisheries in the economies of Pacific Island countries and territories (Benefish Study 4). Noumea, New Caledonia: Pacific Community. 704 pp.

Key findings from Benefish Study 4

25.2 Contribution of fishing to GDP

Current official contribution Official macroeconomic indicators, such as GDP or GNI, are not produced for Pitcairn. Method used to calculate the official fishing contribution to GDP As there is no GDP estimate, there is no method for calculating the fishing contribution. Estimate of fishing contribution to GDP Table 25-3 (below) represents one option for estimating fishing contribution to GDP in Pitcairn.

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

25.3 Exports of fishery production

The only exports of fishery products from Pitcairn are the catch that is sold to visiting vessels (cruise ships, merchant ship, yachts and fishing vessels). An SPC study (Sharp 2011) estimated that this trade was approximately 1 t per year. Using the prices given above, this results in an annual value of about US$20,000 (NZ$28,500).

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

25.4 Government revenue from fisheries

Access fees for offshore fishing There is no authorised foreign fishing in the Pitcairn zone and no domestic vessels offshore. Other government revenue from fisheries No information is available on other forms of government revenue from the fisheries sector.

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

25.5 Fisheries-related employment

The only readily available recent information on fisheries-related employment on Pitcairn is from the Pitcairn Islands Marine Protected Area Management Plan (Government of Pitcairn Islands 2021) which states: "The local fishery is currently very small-scale with just 12 regular fishers".

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

25.6 Fish consumption

The major historical attempts to estimate per capita fish consumption are: • Gillett and Preston (1997) estimates that the production from coastal fisheries in Pitcairn in the early 1990s equated to an annual per capita fish supply of 80 kg. However, that estimate was erroneously based on a population size of 100 people. The 1992 population of Pitcairn was 54 (Pitcairn Islands Study Center 2008). Using the revised population, the annual per capita fish supply would have been 148 kg.

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →