Pacific Community / Communauté du Pacifique
FISHERIES, AQUACULTURE AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
FAME — Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems
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Palau

Micronesia
138
People trained
302
Total participations
66
Training events
603,978km² EEZ
Exclusive Economic Zone
17,7072024
Population

Country profile

Population (2024)
17,707
Population (2050)
15,573
EEZ Area
603,978 km²
Land Area
444 km²
Region
Micronesia
Sub-Climate Zone
Northwest Tropical Pacific
54% Male
46% Female

Coastal fisheries snapshot

demersal fish (including rabbitfish and snappers), invertebrates gleaned from intertidal habitats, and nearshore pelagic fish (including tuna) using a range of fishing methods. Coastal fisheries are critically important for food, local livelihoods and jobs, and government revenue (further details in Chapter 3).

138
Unique people trained
302
Total training participations
66
Distinct training events

Top 5 training topics

Basic MCS&E
61
Small Fishing Operations
51
Harvest Strategy workshop
34
Seafood safety, hygienic work practices and tuna handling
22
Close Kin Marked Recapture technique
18

Gender participation

193
109

Male participations: 193 (64%) · Female participations: 109 (36%)

Yearly participations (2016–2025)

16171819202122232425
All data from Johnson et al. (2025), Climate Change Vulnerability Summary for Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Country chapter PDF available in the Resources tab.

Projected changes in atmospheric & ocean climate (by 2050)

Relative to 1995-2014 baseline. Regional CMIP6 projections applied to Palau's climate zone (Northwest Tropical Pacific).

Air Temperature
Medium (SSP2-4.5): +0.7 to +1.1 °C
High (SSP5-8.5): +0.9 to +1.6 °C
Annual Rainfall
Medium: -2.3 to +5.5 %
High: -2.8 to +6.4 %
Sea Surface Temp.
Medium: +0.6 to +1.1 °C
High: +0.8 to +1.5 °C
Sea Level Rise
Medium: +0.1 to +0.3 m
High: +0.2 to +0.4 m
Ocean pH
Medium: -0.1 (acidification)
High: -0.1

Coastal fisheries (current vs 2050)

demersal fish (including rabbitfish and snappers), invertebrates gleaned from intertidal habitats, and nearshore pelagic fish (including tuna) using a range of fishing methods. Coastal fisheries are critically important for food, local livelihoods and jobs, and government revenue (further details in Chapter 3).

Mangrove forest area
Current (2020)
56.9 km²
2050 Medium emissions
-43.9%
2050 High emissions
-48%
Seagrass meadow area
Current (2020)
732.2 km²
2050 Medium emissions
0.0%
2050 High emissions
-2.3%
Coral reef area
Current (2020)
972.3 km²
2050 Medium emissions
-2.9%
2050 High emissions
-20.6%
Coastal fisheries catch
Current (2021)
2,400 t/yr
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions
Fishery value
Current (2021)
USD 10.9 M/yr
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions

Oceanic fisheries (current vs 2050)

Tuna fisheries — skipjack, yellowfin, bigeye and albacore. Habitat areas projected to shift with ocean temperature, stratification and oxygen content changes.

Tuna habitat area
Current (current)
409,154 km²
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions
Oceanic (tuna) catch
Current (2022)
693 t
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions
Fishery value (locally-based)
Current (2022)
USD 11 M
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions
Skipjack biomass
Current (2020)
2050 Medium emissions
+2%
2050 High emissions
0%
Yellowfin biomass
Current (2020)
2050 Medium emissions
+5%
2050 High emissions
-1%
Bigeye biomass
Current (2020)
2050 Medium emissions
+1%
2050 High emissions
+38%

Freshwater & estuarine fisheries (current vs 2050)

Inland fisheries are expected to be affected by changes in rainfall patterns, river flow, and habitat accessibility by 2050.

Fishery catch
Current (2021)
1 t
2050 Medium emissions
+0.5%
2050 High emissions
+2.0%
Fishery value
Current (2021)
USD 10,000
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions

Aquaculture (current vs 2050)

Mariculture impacted by sea surface temperature, ocean acidification and intense storms. Freshwater aquaculture may benefit from increased freshwater habitat but face disease and temperature pressure.

Main commodities farmed

marine shrimp, sea cucumbers, giant clams, rabbitfish and aquarium species

Annual production
Current (annual)
11 t
2050 Medium emissions
2050 High emissions

Livelihoods & economies (current vs 2050)

Fisheries and aquaculture provide household income, jobs and government revenue. Climate-driven changes will affect employment and economic contribution.

12%
Households participating in fishing
3.8%
Fisheries & aquaculture contribution to GDP
1%
Fisheries in total national exports
34
Employment in coastal fisheries
34
Employment in oceanic fisheries
USD 22.4M
Total value of fisheries & aquaculture
USD 9M
Government revenue from offshore licence fees

Aquatic food security (current vs 2050)

Aquatic (blue) foods provide an important source of nutrition. Population growth combined with climate impacts may create deficits in fish supply.

Fish consumption per person
Current (current)
125 kg/yr
2050 Medium emissions
2050 kg/yr
2050 High emissions
115.9 kg/yr
Projected fish deficit per person
Current (current)
0 kg/yr
2050 Medium emissions
-9 kg/yr
2050 High emissions

Blue food production systems (current vs 2050)

Blue foods contribute to nutrition security, economies, livelihoods and jobs. Climate impacts on coastal, oceanic, freshwater fisheries and aquaculture together determine the system's resilience.

are very important for nutrition security and health. Compared to other Pacific islands, projected climate impacts to blue food production by 2050 are medium to high.

Climate risk to blue food systems 2050: medium to high

Recommended adaptation: Food & nutrition security

  • Implement sustainable ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management Food and Nutrition 2
  • Diversify blue food production systems Food and Nutrition 7

Recommended adaptation: Sustainable livelihoods

  • Diversify aquaculture commodities and develop new farmed climate-resilient species, strains and varieties

Recommended adaptation: Economies & government revenue

  • Implement energy efficiency programs for fisheries and aquaculture Economic Revenue 4
  • Climate-proof infrastructure

Community-based Fisheries Management — Palau

Source: Govan & Lalavanua 2022 (SPC), updated from FAO & SPC Outlook 2026. See the regional CBFM Report for full analysis.

13%
Community coverage
Low coverage
1
Active CBFM sites
2 / 16
Communities (covered / total)
10
Coastal fisheries staff
Programme: Protected Areas Network (PAN) — MPAs with marine component
Lead agency: Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Environment; Bureau of Fisheries; Bureau of Environment (PAN)
Tenure status: Practical arrangements — States own marine resources to 12nm but traditional fishing rights are protected; submerged reefs recognised. Village/family-level traditional ownership
Legal framework: Palau Constitution Art.I s.2 (traditional fishing rights protected); Palau National Code Title 27 (Fishing) s.146
CBFM scaling strategy: Not yet finalised
Palau Green Fee (tourism levy) provides innovative financing for marine management. PAN as nature-based solution.

Coastal fisheries in Palau

demersal fish (including rabbitfish and snappers), invertebrates gleaned from intertidal habitats, and nearshore pelagic fish (including tuna) using a range of fishing methods. Coastal fisheries are critically important for food, local livelihoods and jobs, and government revenue (further details in Chapter 3).

Detailed coastal fisheries status, community-based fisheries management (CBFM) projects, and per-country indicators from the SPC Coastal Fishery Report Cards are being progressively published. See Resources tab for the most recent annual SPC Coastal Fishery Report Card.

Tuna fisheries in Palau

The Pacific is home to the world's largest tuna fishery, with member countries' EEZs producing over half of the global tuna catch. Palau's EEZ covers 603,978 km², providing significant access to tuna and other oceanic resources.

Per-country tuna fishery indicators (catch, employment, GDP contribution, license revenue) are being extracted from the FFA Tuna Fishery Report Cards and Gillett (2023) Benefish economic study. See Resources tab for the most recent annual FFA Tuna Fishery Report Card.

Fisheries Contributions to Palau's Economy

This section summarises fisheries' contribution to Palau's economy, drawn from Chapter 13 of Benefish Study 4 (Gillett & Fong 2023). The country reports harvest across 5 fishery sectors, with data spanning 1999–2021.
Source: Gillett R. and Fong M. 2023. Fisheries in the economies of Pacific Island countries and territories (Benefish Study 4). Noumea, New Caledonia: Pacific Community. 704 pp.
3.8K t
Total 2021 harvest
All sectors combined
US$22.3M
Total 2021 value
In national currency
Foreign-Based
Largest sector (by value)
US$11.0M in 2021
↓ 21%
Volume change since 1999
2021 vs 1999 baseline

Harvest by sector (1999 → 2021)

Volume and economic value of fisheries production by sector, from successive Benefish studies. Use the toggle to switch between volume (tonnes) and value (US$).

Key findings from Benefish Study 4

13.2 Contribution of fishing to GDP

Current official contribution The official contribution of fisheries to nominal GDP is given in Table 13-7. FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 7 FY 2021 8 Fishing contribution to GDP 5.3 5.1 4.4 4.3 Palau GDP (purchaser price) 284.9 278.9 251.9 217.8 % fishing of Palau GPD 1.9% 1.8% 1.7% 2.0% Method used to calculate the official fishing contribution to GDP The Graduate School USA, Pacific Islands Training Initiative (Graduate School) has for many years supplied much of the technical assistance to Palau and other Micronesian countries on national accounts and GDP estimations. An individual at the Graduate School kindly provided explanations on the methodology used to calculate GDP (G. McKinlay, per. com. September 2015 and November 2023): • The basic methodology used by the Graduate School for estimating GDP has not changed between the previous Benefish study (focusing on 2014) and the current Benefish study (focusing on 2021). • For the GDP estimation, the fishing sector is divided into (1) fishing coastal fish, (2) aquaculture and (3) fishing support services. In this methodology, value added from the foreign-owned locally based fishing vessels is excluded from the Palau GDP (i.e. not included as part of the Palauan economy), but the shore-based services of the companies providing support to the vessels is included in the Palau GDP. Provisional figure

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

13.3 Exports of fishery production

Recently, there have been two types of bans on the export of fishery products from Palau: • The Palau National Marine Sanctuary Act called for all catches to be landed in Palau and effectively prohibited exports of pelagic fish, with the exception of those catches by free school purse seine vessels. Amendments to the Act passed in June 2019 expanded the export ban exemption to include longline vessels (Dacks et al. 2020).

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

13.4 Government revenue from fisheries

Access fees for offshore fishing In the recent past, Palau has received money for fishing in its waters under various arrangements. These include fees from the locally based foreign longline vessels, the Japanese agreement covering three types of tuna fishing by vessels based in Japan (longline, pole-and-line and purse seine), the U.S.

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

13.5 Fisheries-related employment

The 2020 census contains some information on employment in fisheries (OPS 2021). Unfortunately, much of the employment-relevant data are aggregated with jobs from other sectors. For example, in 2020 there were 337 "Skilled Agricultural, Forestry & Fishery Workers". Information in the census that is specific to fisheries-related employment includes the following: • Of the 5,056 households in Palau, 1941 (38%) participate in fishing. • Of the 5,056 households in Palau, 46 (0.

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →

13.6 Fish consumption

The historical estimates of fishery resource consumption include: • Preston (2000) used 1995 FAO production, import and export data to estimate an annual per capita fish consumption in Palau of 85 kg. • PCS estimated: (1) local coastal production of 2,115 t, (2) fishery product imports of 610 t, (3) fishery product exports of 400 t, (4) a mean resident population in Palau in the 1990s of 16,600, and (5) visitors to Palau (full-time resident equivalents) of 500.

Full chapter section in Benefish Study 4 →